import pandas as pd

nums = (3,7,9)   # tuple
num1, num2, num3 = nums
num1

# 함수 실행 결과를 tuple 로 리턴.

def divided(a, b):
    x = a/b
    y = a%b    
    shout_words = (x, y)
    return shout_words

y = divided(10, 3)
y

# language count

tweets_df = pd.read_csv('data/tweets.csv')
tweets_df.head()

def count_entries(df, col_name):
    langs_count = {}
    
    col = df[col_name]
    
    for entry in col:
        if entry in langs_count.keys():
            langs_count[entry] += 1
        else:
            langs_count[entry] = 1

    return (langs_count)

result = count_entries(tweets_df, 'lang')
result

def echo(word1, word2, word3):

    def inner(word):
        return word * 3

    return (inner(word1), inner(word2), inner(word3))

echo('a', 'b', 'c')

def necho(n):

    def inner_echo(word):
        return word * n

    return inner_echo

func3 = necho(3)
func5 = necho(5)

print(func3('yap'), func5('wow!'))

def gibberish(*args):
    pak = ''
    for word in args:
        pak += word + ' '

    return pak

one_word = gibberish('luke')
print(one_word)

many_words = gibberish("luke", "leia", "han", "obi", "darth")
print(many_words)

def count_entries(df, *args):

    cols_count = {}
    
    for col_name in args:
        col = df[col_name]
        
        for entry in col:
            if entry in cols_count.keys():
                cols_count[entry] += 1
            else:
                cols_count[entry] = 1
    
    return cols_count

result1 = count_entries(tweets_df, 'lang')
result1

result2 = count_entries(tweets_df, 'lang', 'source')
result2

def report_status(**kwargs):

    for key, value in kwargs.items():
        print(key + ": " + value)

    print("\nEND REPORT")

report_status(name="luke", affiliation="jedi", status="missing")

report_status(name="anakin", affiliation="sith lord", status="deceased")

# *args, *kwargs

def total(initial=5, *numbers, **keywords):
    count = initial
    for number in numbers:   # 1, 2, 3
        count += number
    for key in keywords:
        count += keywords[key]   # vegetables=50, fruits=100
    return count

total(10, 1, 2, 3, vegetables=50, fruits=100)

points = [ { 'x' : 2, 'y' : 3 }, { 'x' : 4, 'y' : 1 }, { 'x' : 7, 'y' : 5 }, { 'x' : 9, 'y' : 2 } ]
points.sort(key=lambda i : i['y'])
points

echo_word = (lambda word, echo: word * echo)
result = echo_word('Hey', 5)
result

fellowship = ['Frodo', 'Samwise', 'Merry', 'Aragorn', 'Legolas', 'Boromir', 'Gimli']

# map
result = map(lambda item: item + '~!!', fellowship)
result_list = list(result)
result_list

# filter
result = filter(lambda member: len(member) > 6, fellowship)
result_list = list(result)
result_list

# reduce
from functools import reduce
result = reduce(lambda item1, item2: item1 + ' / ' + item2, fellowship)
result

tweets_df = pd.read_csv('data/tweets.csv')
result = filter(lambda x: x[0:2] != 'tw', tweets_df['source'])
res_list = list(result)
res_list[0:20]

# try - except

def shout_echo(word, echo=1):
    echo_word = ''
    shout_words = ''
    
    try:
        echo_word = word * echo
        shout_words = echo_word + '!!!'
    except:
        print("word must be a string and echo must be an integer.")

    return shout_words

shout_echo("particle", echo="accelerator")

# raise ValueError

def shout_echo(word, echo=1):

    if echo < 0:
        raise ValueError('echo must be greater than 0')

    echo_word = word * echo
    shout_word = echo_word + '!!!'
    return shout_word

shout_echo("particle", echo=-1)